I had this same problem with my external disk, the drive would just flashes a green light then a notification will pop up saying "Installing" but will not show. I plugged it on after doing some troubleshooting guess what! ts work's. These are issue that might cause this:
Power:
The problem might be the power, the HDD is an internal unit originally designed for use inside a laptop. It's spec. Might say 5VDC power supply to provide 1.0 amps for proper start ups and up to 1.3 amps for operations. You have mounted it in an enclose case that use a USB port Connector that is not compatible with it. The older USB 2.0 port provides 5VDC power up to 0.5 amps, the newer usb 3.0 ports can get almost to 1.0 amps your HDD can't operate with those limited power source. You need a different type of enclosure that has it's own Power Supply Module and it does not draw all it's power from a usb port.
Note: You have to pay attentions to the type of HDD on it before buying.
Disk Management:
The error can be solved by right clicking on My Compter > Manage > Disk Management.
There you will see your drive that is not appearing then right click on it's icon, Change the drive
letter and paths > Add > assign a new letter to the drive click ok and your drive will appear.
Go to My Computer > Manage > Device Manager > Click on Universal Serial Bus Controllers locate your usb (example: Cruzer blade) Click on it and check the device status if you see "There are drivers installed" to confirm.
Formatting:
Right click on My Compute > Manage > Disk Management. what you are going to do there is to find the disk number or letter that's not showing up on windows, right click and format, click ok to do a NTFS Quick Format and that is it.
BIOS:
This issue can also be chase by a BIOS Password protected hard drive, all you need to do is to place the HDD into the original system and from the Bios boot environment disable the password. If that doesn't do the trick try using another lapto as a internal Hard drive.
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